The Natural Product 6-Gingerol Inhibits Inflammation-Associated Osteoclast Differentiation via Reduction of Prostaglandin E₂ Levels

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Youn-Hwan HwangHyunil Ha

Abstract

The natural product 6-gingerol, a major bioactive component of the rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale), is known to have several beneficial effects on health, including anti-inflammatory activity. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 6-gingerol on osteoclast differentiation associated with inflammation. 6-Gingerol inhibited osteoclast differentiation in co-cultures of osteoblasts and osteoclast precursor cells in response to the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-1. However, it did not affect osteoclast precursor differentiation into osteoclasts induced by the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), a key cytokine causing osteoclast differentiation. 6-Gingerol inhibited IL-1-induced RANKL expression in osteoblasts, and the addition of RANKL to the co-cultures overcame 6-gingerol-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. It also suppressed IL-1-induced prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production in osteoblasts, and the addition of exogenous PGE₂ reversed 6-gingerol-mediated inhibition of IL-induced RANKL expression in osteoblasts and osteoclast differentiation in the co-cultures. We found that 6-gingerol reduced PGE₂ levels by suppressing enzymatic activities of cyclooxygenase and PG...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 20, 2019·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Weiyue ZhangHailiang Xin
May 19, 2020·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Xuan XiaQingchun Huang
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Mar 23, 2021·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Xing LiLingying Yu

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ELISA
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

Prism

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