The nested structural organization of the worldwide trade multi-layer network

Scientific Reports
Luiz G A AlvesYamir Moreno

Abstract

Nestedness has traditionally been used to detect assembly patterns in meta-communities and networks of interacting species. Attempts have also been made to uncover nested structures in international trade, typically represented as bipartite networks in which connections can be established between countries (exporters or importers) and industries. A bipartite representation of trade, however, inevitably neglects transactions between industries. To fully capture the organization of the global value chain, we draw on the World Input-Output Database and construct a multi-layer network in which the nodes are the countries, the layers are the industries, and links can be established from sellers to buyers within and across industries. We define the buyers' and sellers' participation matrices in which the rows are the countries and the columns are all possible pairs of industries, and then compute nestedness based on buyers' and sellers' involvement in transactions between and within industries. Drawing on appropriate null models that preserve the countries' or layers' degree distributions in the original multi-layer network, we uncover variations of country- and transaction-based nestedness over time, and identify the countries and i...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 30, 2018·PloS One·Carlo Piccardi, Lucia Tajoli
Aug 15, 2019·Scientific Reports·Gabriel SpadonLuiz G A Alves
Sep 29, 2020·Applied Network Science·Michael GomezAlfonso Mejia
Dec 1, 2020·Science & Education·Maurício PietrocolaSamuel Schnorr
Feb 5, 2021·PloS One·Diego KozlowskiAndrea Molinari

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