The Network of Colonic Host Defense Peptides as an Innate Immune Defense Against Enteropathogenic Bacteria.

Frontiers in Immunology
Graham A D BlythEduardo R Cobo

Abstract

Host defense peptides, abundantly secreted by colonic epithelial cells and leukocytes, are proposed to be critical components of an innate immune response in the colon against enteropathogenic bacteria, including Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Clostridium difficile, and attaching and effacing Escherichia coli and Citrobacter rodentium. These short cationic peptides are bactericidal against both Gram-positive and -negative enteric pathogens, but may also exert killing effects on intestinal luminal microbiota. Simultaneously, these peptides modulate numerous cellular responses crucial for gut defenses, including leukocyte chemotaxis and migration, wound healing, cytokine production, cell proliferation, and pathogen sensing. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of expression, mechanisms of action and microbicidal and immunomodulatory functions of major colonic host defense peptides, namely cathelicidins, β-defensins, and members of the Regenerating islet-derived protein III (RegIII) and Resistin-like molecule (RELM) families. In a theoretical framework where these peptides work synergistically, aspects of pathogenesis of infectious colitis reviewed herein uncover roles of host defense peptides aimed to promo...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 2, 2020·Journal of Applied Microbiology·H PanwarA K Puniya
Jan 25, 2021·Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR·Qiongyuan HuWenxian Guan
Oct 30, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Sabine Pirr, Dorothee Viemann
Dec 3, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Shiqi LiuSebastian A J Zaat
Mar 30, 2021·Microbes and Infection·Jen NguyenCarolina Tropini
Sep 1, 2021·Peptides·Ernesto M MartellAnselmo J Otero-González

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PMA
bronchoalveolar lavage
IEC

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