The neural tides of sleep and consciousness revealed by single-pulse electrical brain stimulation

Sleep
Kiyohide UsamiNathan E Crone

Abstract

Wakefulness and sleep arise from global changes in brain physiology that may also govern the flow of neural activity between cortical regions responsible for perceptual processing versus planning and action. To test whether and how the sleep/wake cycle affects the overall propagation of neural activity in large-scale brain networks, we applied single-pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) in patients implanted with intracranial EEG electrodes for epilepsy surgery. SPES elicited cortico-cortical spectral responses at high-gamma frequencies (CCSRHG, 80-150 Hz), which indexes changes in neuronal population firing rates. Using event-related causality (ERC) analysis, we found that the overall patterns of neural propagation among sites with CCSRHG were different during wakefulness and different sleep stages. For example, stimulation of frontal lobe elicited greater propagation toward parietal lobe during slow-wave sleep than during wakefulness. During REM sleep, we observed a decrease in propagation within frontal lobe, and an increase in propagation within parietal lobe, elicited by frontal and parietal stimulation, respectively. These biases in the directionality of large-scale cortical network dynamics during REM sleep could potentia...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 30, 2019·Annals of Neurology·Nicolás von EllenriederBirgit Frauscher
Nov 2, 2020·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·Takumi MitsuhashiEishi Asano

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