The neuro-endocrine-immune relationship in pulmonary and pleural tuberculosis: a better local profile in pleural fluid

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Luciano D'AttilioMaria L Bay

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem worldwide. In TB, the immune and central nervous systems modulate each other. The two main components of this network are the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and autonomic nervous system (ANS). To elucidate neuro-endocrine-immune (NEI) interactions in pulmonary (PTB) or pleural (PLTB) TB, we analysed the relationship among compounds from these systems. We quantified levels of catecholamines, hormones and cytokines in plasma from patients with PTB (n = 46) or PLTB (n = 12) and controls (n = 32), and in the pleural fluid from PLTB patients. Transcript expression for genes involved in glucocorticoid-related function (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) was also analysed in mononuclear cells (MCs) from peripheral blood (PBMC) or pleural effusion (PEMC) compartments. Both patient groups had increased plasma levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, cortisol, growth hormone (GH) and dopamine, whereas insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and dehydroepiandrosterone levels were decreased. The pleural fluid contained increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, GH and IGF-1 and reduced levels of steroid hormones compared with their plasma counterparts. PBMCs fro...Continue Reading

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