The neuroinflammatory phenotype in a mouse model of Gulf War Illness is unrelated to brain regional levels of acetylcholine as measured by quantitative HILIC-UPLC-MS/MS

Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
Julie V MillerJames P O'Callaghan

Abstract

Many veterans of the 1991 Persian Gulf War (GW) returned with a chronic multisymptom illness that has been termed Gulf War Illness (GWI). Previous GWI studies have suggested that exposure to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) in theater, such as sarin and/or pesticides, may have contributed to the symptomatology of GWI. Additionally, concomitant high physiological stress experienced during the war may have contributed to the initiation of the GWI phenotype. While inhibition of AChE leading to accumulation of acetylcholine (ACh) will activate the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, the signature symptomatology of GWI has been shown to be associated with neuroinflammation. To investigate the relationship between ACh and neuroinflammation in discrete brain regions, we used our previously established mouse model of GWI, which combines an exposure to a high physiological stress mimic, corticosterone (CORT), with GW-relevant AChEIs. The AChEIs used in this study were diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), chlorpyrifos oxon (CPO), and physostigmine (PHY). After AChEI exposure, ACh concentrations for cortex (CTX), hippocampus (HIP), and striatum (STR) were determined using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) with...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 8, 2020·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Kyle A BrownJohn J Wagner
Oct 20, 2019·Military Medical Research·Jeremy E ChesterDrew A Helmer
Jun 24, 2020·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Fuyi XuLu Lu
Nov 10, 2020·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Brandon DickeyAshok K Shetty
Jun 26, 2021·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Ana C R Ribeiro, Laxmikant S Deshpande
Jul 20, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Julia A PenatzerJonathan W Boyd
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Francisco J Carrera AriasTravis J A Craddock

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