The Non-Coding Landscape of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma: A Possible Route to Efficient Targeted Therapy

Cancers
Andreea D LazărMarieta Costache

Abstract

Considered to be highly lethal if not diagnosed in early stages, cutaneous malignant melanoma is among the most aggressive and treatment-resistant human cancers, and its incidence continues to rise, largely due to ultraviolet radiation exposure, which is the main carcinogenic factor. Over the years, researchers have started to unveil the molecular mechanisms by which malignant melanoma can be triggered and sustained, in order to establish specific, reliable biomarkers that could aid the prognosis and diagnosis of this fatal disease, and serve as targets for development of novel efficient therapies. The high mutational burden and heterogeneous nature of melanoma shifted the main focus from the genetic landscape to epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications, aiming at elucidating the role of non-coding RNA molecules in the fine tuning of melanoma progression. Here we review the contribution of microRNAs and lncRNAs to melanoma invasion, metastasis and acquired drug resistance, highlighting their potential for clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

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Citations

Jan 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Emi MashimaMotonobu Nakamura
May 20, 2021·The Journal of Dermatology·Junna Oba, Scott E Woodman
Jun 4, 2021·Molecular Oncology·Barbara MonticoElisabetta Fratta
Aug 28, 2021·Diagnostics·Antonios RevythisStergios Boussios

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
xenograft
RNAseq
biopsies
antisense
antisense oligonucleotide

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