The Occurrence, Biosynthesis, and Molecular Structure of Proanthocyanidins and Their Effects on Legume Forage Protein Precipitation, Digestion and Absorption in the Ruminant Digestive Tract

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Arjan Jonker, Peiqiang Yu

Abstract

Forages grown in temperate regions, such as alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) and white clover (Trefolium repensL.), typically have a high nutritional value when fed to ruminants. Their high protein content and degradation rate result, however, in poor utilization of protein from the forage resulting in excessive excretion of nitrogen into the environment by the animal. Proanthocyanindins (also known as condensed tannins) found in some forage legumes such as birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatusL.), bind to dietary protein and can improve protein utilization in the animal. This review will focus on (1) the occurrence of proanthocyanidins; (2) biosynthesis and structure of proanthocyanidins; (3) effects of proanthocyanidins on protein metabolism; (4) protein precipitating capacity of proanthocyanidins and their effects on true intestinal protein adsorption by ruminants; and (5) effect on animal health, animal performance and environmental emissions.

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Citations

Dec 21, 2019·Journal of Chemical Ecology·Emilie ChampagnePatricia Raymond
Nov 11, 2020·The Journal of Dairy Research·Florian LeiberSteffen Werne
Feb 26, 2021·Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources·Zhongzhiyue JinYongzhen Pang
Aug 8, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Aldo TavaPinarosa Avato
Jul 4, 2019·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·John H Grabber, Wayne E Zeller
Dec 31, 2021·Journal of Applied Microbiology·Zoya SamoilovaOleg Oktyabrsky

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