The old and the new physical anthropology in the careers of E. A. Hooton and W. M. Krogman

American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
Edward E Hunt

Abstract

Physical anthropology changed many of its theoretical premises after World War II under the influence of the synthetic theory of evolution. Earnest Albert Hooton (1887-1954) and Wilton Marion Krogman (1903-1987) were excellent examples of leading workers whose research orientations differed, but whose students were important parts of the new consensus. These theoretical innovations undermined the racial morphological typology which underlay much of Hooton's work on racial history, and radiographs of the sizes of bone, marrow, muscle, and fat in the human brachium undermined his work and researches of other constitutionalists and increased the prestige of alternative work on body composition. Krogman, however, initially worked on the growth of the skull and dentition of the great apes and was a leader in human growth studies all his life. He was the most important writer in the United States on forensic applications of human skeletal biology. Since neither growth studies nor forensic applications depended much on typology, Krogman's publications were generally more modern than Hooton's. In terms of parsimony, Hooton's works can be criticized in terms of his cumbersome typology, but not his ideas on arborealism and the adaptive r...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1986·Forensic Science International : Synergy·M S Devgun, J A Dunbar
Jan 1, 1973·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·W M Krogman, S H Katz
Nov 9, 1968·Nature·E Mayr
Mar 1, 1958·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·P T BAKERT SEN
Dec 1, 1946·American Journal of Orthodontics·E A HOOTON

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Citations

Apr 7, 2010·Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India·Krishnakumar ThankappanSubramania Iyer

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