The pain experience of cognitively impaired nursing home residents: perceptions of family members and certified nursing assistants

Pain Management Nursing : Official Journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses
Janet C MentesMary P Cadogan

Abstract

Pain in cognitively impaired nursing home (NH) elders is difficult to detect. We report the results of the qualitative interview portion of a larger study that characterized the pain experience of cognitively impaired NH residents. Interviews were conducted with 16 family members or friends and 11 certified nursing assistants (CNAs) of 20 cognitively impaired NH residents experiencing pain. Analysis of the interviews yielded themes in family and CNA perceptions of pain in cognitively impaired NH residents. Family members and CNAs concurred that knowing the resident's usual behavior and daily habits was essential to being able to detect pain in cognitively impaired NH residents. Although a majority of family members reported that their relative was "stoic" about pain expression prior to NH placement, personal care information and historical information were perceived as helpful by nursing staff members. CNAs used facial and eye cues to detect pain and pain relief in their assigned residents. In addition, CNAs reported specific pain management strategies for their residents. Major themes related to pain detection in cognitively impaired NH residents identified in this investigation include: (a) knowing the resident; (b) importanc...Continue Reading

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