The Paleo-Indian Entry into South America According to Mitogenomes

Molecular Biology and Evolution
Stefania BrandiniAntonio Torroni

Abstract

Recent and compelling archaeological evidence attests to human presence ∼14.5 ka at multiple sites in South America and a very early exploitation of extreme high-altitude Andean environments. Considering that, according to genetic evidence, human entry into North America from Beringia most likely occurred ∼16 ka, these archeological findings would imply an extremely rapid spread along the double continent. To shed light on this issue from a genetic perspective, we first completely sequenced 217 novel modern mitogenomes of Native American ancestry from the northwestern area of South America (Ecuador and Peru); we then evaluated them phylogenetically together with other available mitogenomes (430 samples, both modern and ancient) from the same geographic area and, finally, with all closely related mitogenomes from the entire double continent. We detected a large number (N = 48) of novel subhaplogroups, often branching into further subclades, belonging to two classes: those that arose in South America early after its peopling and those that instead originated in North or Central America and reached South America with the first settlers. Coalescence age estimates for these subhaplogroups provide time boundaries indicating that earl...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 8, 2018·Genome Research·Alberto Gómez-CarballaAntonio Salas
Mar 5, 2018·Molecular Genetics and Genomics : MGG·José R SandovalRicardo Fujita
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Nov 10, 2018·Science·J Víctor Moreno-MayarEske Willerslev
Dec 7, 2020·Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology·Dayan SunLi Jin
Mar 25, 2021·Cell·Marco Rosario CapodiferroAlessandro Achilli
Jun 27, 2021·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Verónica Baquero-MéndezMaría de Lourdes Torres

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
FJ68754

Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissection
PCR

Software Mentioned

BEAST ( Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis Sampling Trees )
BEAST
DnaSP
Geneious
Sequencher
Clovis
PAMLX
PhyloTree
Tracer
Excel

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