PMID: 9426366Jan 14, 1998Paper

The percutaneous absorption and skin distribution of lindane in man. II. In vitro studies

Human & Experimental Toxicology
I P DickF M Williams

Abstract

1. The absorption of lindane through human skin was assessed in vitro using static diffusion cells with 50% aqueous ethanol as the receptor fluid. Four formulations of lindane were applied, three of which were commercial preparations. The dermal distribution of lindane within the skin was also examined, focusing particularly on any association of lindane to the stratum corneum. The results were then compared with a parellel in vivo study. 2. Two of the formulations contained white spirit as the predominant solvent, and lindane absorption was greatest from these preparations in terms of the percentage of the applied dose (15-25% by 24 h). Absorption was less from an aqueous spray dilution (3% by 24 h), with absorption from acetone being the least (< 1% by 24 h). Similar amounts of lindane penetrated by 24 h for the acetone and white spirit-based applications (approx. 8 micrograms). This supported the in vivo observation that similar plasma lindane levels were recorded following exposure to the acetone solution and the white spirit-based formulation A, although the lindane concentration in acetone was 40-fold higher. 3. For the acetone and water-based preparations, a soap/water swab of the skin surface at 6 h contained the majori...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1992·Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·R C ScottJ D Ramsey
Jan 1, 1991·Archives of Toxicology·S E MacphersonF M Williams
Jun 1, 1987·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·R E GrissomF E Guthrie
Jul 1, 1970·British Journal of Industrial Medicine·G Czeglédi-Jankó, P Avar
Jan 1, 1993·Archives of Toxicology·N W ClarkF M Williams
Jan 14, 1998·Human & Experimental Toxicology·I P DickF M Williams

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Citations

Jun 27, 2000·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·P SartorelliF Williams
Apr 2, 2011·Skin Pharmacology and Physiology·P A LehmanT J Franz
Dec 23, 2006·Environmental Health Perspectives·Caroline Cox, Michael Surgan
Jul 24, 2001·Drugs·T C RoosD R Bickers
Apr 25, 2012·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Owen G JeppsMichael S Roberts
Mar 31, 2011·Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery·Mireille Van GeleJo Lambert
Jun 17, 2006·Drug and Chemical Toxicology·Clive S RoperJohn A Biesemeier
Feb 1, 2006·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·Faith M Williams
Aug 8, 2008·Human & Experimental Toxicology·I Jakasa, S Kezic
Jan 14, 1998·Human & Experimental Toxicology·I P DickF M Williams
Apr 25, 2000·Human & Experimental Toxicology·P GriffinJ Cocker
May 8, 2003·Archives of Toxicology·Kwang-Hyeon Liu, Jeong-Han Kim
Aug 12, 2021·Chemical Research in Toxicology·C A DownsPhilippe Lebaron

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