The Performance of Methods to Test Upper-Level Mediation in the Presence of Nonnormal Data

Multivariate Behavioral Research
Keenan A Pituch, Laura M Stapleton

Abstract

A Monte Carlo study compared the statistical performance of standard and robust multilevel mediation analysis methods to test indirect effects for a cluster randomized experimental design under various departures from normality. The performance of these methods was examined for an upper-level mediation process, where the indirect effect is a fixed effect and a group-implemented treatment is hypothesized to impact a person-level outcome via a person-level mediator. Two methods-the bias-corrected parametric percentile bootstrap and the empirical-M test-had the best overall performance. Methods designed for nonnormal score distributions exhibited elevated Type I error rates and poorer confidence interval coverage under some conditions. Although preliminary, the findings suggest that new mediation analysis methods may provide for robust tests of indirect effects.

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Jan 1, 2005·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Keenan A PituchLaura M Stapleton

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Citations

Dec 17, 2010·Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology·Yin C Paradies, Joan Cunningham
Jan 29, 2010·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Jiyun Zu, Ke-Hai Yuan
Aug 6, 2010·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Jeremy C BiesanzVictoria Savalei
Jul 29, 2011·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Kristopher J Preacher
Feb 16, 2012·BMC Public Health·Yin C Paradies, Joan Cunningham
Aug 26, 2014·Annual Review of Psychology·Kristopher J Preacher
Oct 19, 2017·Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology·Glenn D Walters, Dorothy L Espelage
Jul 1, 2014·Basic and Applied Social Psychology·Kathleen BogartNalini Ambady
Sep 1, 2019·International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology·Glenn D Walters
Feb 1, 2020·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Milica MiočevićDavid P MacKinnon
Apr 16, 2020·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Ben KelceyNianbo Dong
Jan 16, 2010·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Linda Tickle-DegnenRobert C Wagenaar
Apr 16, 2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Brad J BushmanMichael D Hanus
Oct 18, 2019·Educational and Psychological Measurement·Georgios D SideridisAbdullah Al-Sadaawi

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Software Mentioned

HLM
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