PMID: 8956377Nov 1, 1996Paper

The pharmacology of impulsive behaviour in rats: the effects of drugs on response choice with varying delays of reinforcement

Psychopharmacology
J L Evenden, C N Ryan

Abstract

Impulsive behaviour is an important component of many psychiatric syndromes. It is often expressed as aggressive or violent behaviour, but may also be non-violent. One important factor which might lead to aggression or violence is an inability to tolerate a delay of gratification, leading to frustration and aggressive outbursts. In animals and in man, tolerance to delay of gratification can be studied using delay of reinforcement (also known as self-control) procedures. Experiments with delay of reinforcement in rats show that serotonergic mechanisms may be involved in this form of impulsive behaviour, which seems to support clinical findings in this area. The present experiment examined the effects of a series of psychoactive drugs on delays of reinforcement using a steady state operant procedure involving lever-pressing by rats. Rats were trained to choose between one food pellet delivered immediately and three or five pellets delivered after varying delays which increased during the course of the session. Using this procedure the rats remained sensitive to within-and between-session variations in delay of reinforcement even after long periods of testing. It was used to demonstrate an increase in impulsivity (after d-amphetam...Continue Reading

Citations

May 13, 2004·Psychopharmacology·Walter AdrianiGiovanni Laviola
Dec 23, 2004·Psychopharmacology·B Y SilberC Stough
May 4, 2006·Psychopharmacology·Stan B Floresco, Orsolya Magyar
Aug 18, 2006·Psychopharmacology·Christa M HelmsSuzanne H Mitchell
Jul 5, 2008·Psychopharmacology·Jennifer L Perry, Marilyn E Carroll
Oct 20, 2009·Psychopharmacology·Valerie VoonMark Hallett
May 25, 2010·Psychopharmacology·Jennifer R St OngeStan B Floresco
Apr 20, 2011·Psychopharmacology·Katerina Zoe KolokotroniAmanda A Harrison
Nov 15, 2011·Psychopharmacology·Ries SimonsGisela Skopp
Dec 3, 2011·Psychopharmacology·Petra J J Baarendse, Louk J M J Vanderschuren
Jan 21, 2012·Molecular Neurobiology·Katsuhiko MiyazakiKenji Doya
Nov 3, 2004·Behavioural Processes·Brady Reynolds, Ryan Schiffbauer
Nov 20, 2003·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Walter AdrianiGiovanni Laviola
Mar 12, 2004·Neurobiology of Aging·F Dellu-HagedornH Simon
Jun 25, 2013·Neuropharmacology·Clarissa C ParkerAbraham A Palmer
Mar 13, 2002·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·M-Y HoE Szabadi
Oct 12, 2002·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Mary CarusoCraig H Kennedy
May 7, 2003·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Giovanni LaviolaWalter Adriani
Dec 9, 2003·Behavioural Brain Research·Tracie A PaineMary C Olmstead
Oct 29, 2003·Behavioural Processes·Suzanne H. Mitchell, Abigail J. Rosenthal
Oct 7, 2009·Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology·Keri ShielsBrian P Gangloff
Jun 16, 2010·Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology·Gregory J MaddenStephen C Fowler
Feb 1, 2012·Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology·Patrick S JohnsonJeffrey S Stein

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