The phenotypic signature of adaptation to thermal stress in Escherichia coli

BMC Evolutionary Biology
Shaun M Hug, Brandon S Gaut

Abstract

In the short-term, organisms acclimate to stress through phenotypic plasticity, but in the longer term they adapt to stress genetically. The mutations that accrue during adaptation may contribute to completely novel phenotypes, or they may instead act to restore the phenotype from a stressed to a pre-stress condition. To better understand the influence of evolution on the diversity and direction of phenotypic change, we used Biolog microarrays to assay 94 phenotypes of 115 Escherichia coli clones that had adapted to high temperature (42.2 °C). We also assayed these same phenotypes in the clones' ancestor under non-stress (37.0 °C) and stress (42.2 °C) conditions. We explored associations between Biolog phenotypes and genotypes, and we also investigated phenotypic differences between clones that have one of two adaptive genetic trajectories: one that is typified by mutations in the RNA polymerase β-subunit (rpoB) and another that is defined by mutations in the rho termination factor. Most (54 %) phenotypic variation was restorative, shifting the phenotype from the acclimated state back toward the unstressed state. Novel phenotypes were more rare, comprising between 5 and 18 % of informative phenotypic variation. Phenotypic varia...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 27, 2015·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Alejandra Rodríguez-VerdugoBrandon S Gaut
Jun 1, 2019·FEMS Microbiology Letters·José Aguilar-RodríguezAndreas Wagner
Nov 3, 2017·Current Genetics·Elena Bidnenko, Vladimir Bidnenko
Aug 1, 2018·Nature Microbiology·Alyssa G KentAdam C Martiny
Aug 14, 2020·Genome Biology and Evolution·Tiffany N BatarsehBrandon S Gaut
Mar 20, 2021·Molecular Ecology·Brenton von TakachSam C Banks

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
thermal
thermal stress
PCA
dissection
genotyping

Software Mentioned

Biolog
MATLAB
prcomp
R

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