The Physical Mechanisms of Drosophila Gastrulation: Mesoderm and Endoderm Invagination.

Genetics
Adam C Martin

Abstract

A critical juncture in early development is the partitioning of cells that will adopt different fates into three germ layers: the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the endoderm. This step is achieved through the internalization of specified cells from the outermost surface layer, through a process called gastrulation. In Drosophila, gastrulation is achieved through cell shape changes (i.e., apical constriction) that change tissue curvature and lead to the folding of a surface epithelium. Folding of embryonic tissue results in mesoderm and endoderm invagination, not as individual cells, but as collective tissue units. The tractability of Drosophila as a model system is best exemplified by how much we know about Drosophila gastrulation, from the signals that pattern the embryo to the molecular components that generate force, and how these components are organized to promote cell and tissue shape changes. For mesoderm invagination, graded signaling by the morphogen, Spätzle, sets up a gradient in transcriptional activity that leads to the expression of a secreted ligand (Folded gastrulation) and a transmembrane protein (T48). Together with the GPCR Mist, which is expressed in the mesoderm, and the GPCR Smog, which is expressed uniformly...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 8, 2020·Cells·Preethi Poovathumkadavil, Krzysztof Jagla
Jan 12, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Deqing Kong, Jörg Großhans
Sep 9, 2020·Current Opinion in Cell Biology·Priti Agarwal, Ronen Zaidel-Bar
Jul 24, 2021·Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS·Jeffrey D Amack
Jul 24, 2021·Cells & Development·Timothy E Saunders

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear translocation
GTPase
nucleotide
biosensor
super-resolution microscopy

Software Mentioned

Twist

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