The polychlorinated biphenyl mixture aroclor 1254 induces death of rat cerebellar granule cells: the involvement of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and reactive oxygen species

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Espen MariussenF Fonnum

Abstract

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widespread persistent environmental contaminants that display a complex spectrum of toxicological properties, including neurotoxicity. The present study investigates the effects of the PCB mixtures Aroclor 1242 (A1242) and Aroclor 1254 (A1254), and the PCB congeners 126 (3,3',4,4',5,-PeCB) and 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HxCB) on formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death in cultured rat cerebellar granule cells. The increase of ROS and induction of cell death were assayed using the fluorescent probe 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) and the trypan blue exclusion assay, respectively. A1242 and A1254 and PCB 153 induced a concentration-dependent increase in cell death and ROS formation. A1254 was selected for mechanistic studies. When the cerebellar granule cells were exposed to 15 microM A1254 for 12 h, 95% of the cells died. Both PCB-mediated cell death and the increase of the ROS formation were inhibited by MK-801, demonstrating the importance of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. Inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase and phospholipase A2 led to a significant reduction of the DCF fluorescence and cell death. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore blocker cyclosporin A...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 28, 2011·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Anne-Simone ParentGary L Westbrook
Jul 28, 2011·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Margarita C Currás-Collazo
Nov 18, 2005·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·F FonnumT Reistad
May 6, 2008·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Ke YuBingsheng Zhou
Aug 30, 2011·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Emily PoonSusan L Schantz
Dec 21, 2011·Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology : Official Organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer·Rodica Petruta BunaciuHoward P Glauert
Dec 1, 2011·Neurochemical Research·Kandaswamy SelvakumarJagadeesan Arunakaran
May 14, 2003·Neurochemistry International·Espen Mariussen, Frode Fonnum
Sep 18, 2010·Chemosphere·Hyun-Gyo Lee, Jae-Ho Yang
Aug 24, 2010·The Science of the Total Environment·S G DonaldsonR G Shearer
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