The potent respiratory system of Osedax mucofloris (Siboglinidae, Annelida)--a prerequisite for the origin of bone-eating Osedax?

PloS One
Randi S HuusgaardK Worsaae

Abstract

Members of the conspicuous bone-eating genus, Osedax, are widely distributed on whale falls in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. These gutless annelids contain endosymbiotic heterotrophic bacteria in a branching root system embedded in the bones of vertebrates, whereas a trunk and anterior palps extend into the surrounding water. The unique life style within a bone environment is challenged by the high bacterial activity on, and within, the bone matrix possibly causing O(2) depletion, and build-up of potentially toxic sulphide. We measured the O(2) distribution around embedded Osedax and showed that the bone microenvironment is anoxic. Morphological studies showed that ventilation mechanisms in Osedax are restricted to the anterior palps, which are optimized for high O(2) uptake by possessing a large surface area, large surface to volume ratio, and short diffusion distances. The blood vascular system comprises large vessels in the trunk, which facilitate an ample supply of oxygenated blood from the anterior crown to a highly vascularised root structure. Respirometry studies of O. mucofloris showed a high O(2) consumption that exceeded the average O(2) consumption of a broad line of resting annelids without endosymbionts. We rega...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 14, 2013·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Martin TresguerresGreg W Rouse
Jan 30, 2015·Invertebrate Biology : a Quarterly Journal of the American Microscopical Society and the Division of Invertebrate Zoology/ASZ·Sigrid Katz, Greg W Rouse
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May 9, 2014·PloS One·Nicholas D HiggsDaniel O B Jones
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Oct 21, 2016·Physiological Genomics·Andrea TaralloGiuseppe D'Onofrio

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
microsensor
light microscopy
dissection

Software Mentioned

Adobe Photoshop
Cell F
Leica LASAF
Labtech Notebook Pro
Imaris®
Osedax
Adobe Illustrator

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