The Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Treat and Model Alzheimer's Disease.

Stem Cells International
Joseph M Schulz

Abstract

An estimated 6.2 million Americans aged 65 or older are currently living with Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease that disrupts an individual's ability to function independently through the degeneration of key regions in the brain, including but not limited to the hippocampus, the prefrontal cortex, and the motor cortex. The cause of this degeneration is not known, but research has found two proteins that undergo posttranslational modifications: tau, a protein concentrated in the axons of neurons, and amyloid precursor protein (APP), a protein concentrated near the synapse. Through mechanisms that have yet to be elucidated, the accumulation of these two proteins in their abnormal aggregate forms leads to the neurodegeneration that is characteristic of AD. Until the invention of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in 2006, the bulk of research was carried out using transgenic animal models that offered little promise in their ability to translate well from benchtop to bedside, creating a bottleneck in the development of therapeutics. However, with iPSC, patient-specific cell cultures can be utilized to create models based on human cells. These human cells have the potential to avoid issues in translatability...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1975·Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics·A D Riggs
May 1, 1988·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J M WilsonR C Mulligan
Dec 1, 1981·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·G R Martin
Jan 13, 1995·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·M Morishima-KawashimaY Ihara
Sep 1, 1993·Journal of Neurochemistry·C X GongK Iqbal
Sep 28, 1998·European Neurology·J P Brion
Nov 6, 1998·Science·J A ThomsonJ M Jones
Dec 17, 1998·Trends in Cell Biology·E M Mandelkow, E Mandelkow
Jul 4, 2001·Nature Reviews. Genetics·J Rossant, J C Cross
Jul 11, 2001·The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences·M J MooreE C Clipp
Sep 13, 2001·Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews·I T Lott, E Head
Jan 10, 2002·Genes & Development·Adrian Bird
Jan 7, 2003·Genes & Development·Ariel A AvilionRobin Lovell-Badge
Feb 12, 2004·Cell Proliferation·H J Rippon, A E Bishop
Aug 11, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·George Q Daley
Dec 14, 2004·Journal of Medicinal Chemistry·Shawn J StachelJoseph P Vacca
Apr 7, 2005·Genes, Brain, and Behavior·C D Link
Nov 3, 2005·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Fei LiuCheng-Xin Gong
Mar 24, 2006·Nature·Michael C Sanguinetti, Martin Tristani-Firouzi
Nov 14, 2006·Medical Hypotheses·Vikas Dhikav, Kuljeet Singh Anand
Jan 12, 2007·Nature·Maria-Elena Torres-PadillaMagdalena Zernicka-Goetz
Dec 7, 2007·Nature Biotechnology·Masato NakagawaShinya Yamanaka

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Alzheimer's Disease: Tau & TDP-43

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease. This feed focuses on the underlying role of tau proteins and TAR DNA-binding protein 43, as well as other genetic factors, in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's Disease: APP

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) proteolysis is critical for the development of Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disease associated with accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain. Here is the latest research on APP and Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's Disease: Animal Models

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease which can be studied using various experimental systems. This feed focuses on animal models used for Alzheimer's disease research.

Allogenic & Autologous Therapies

Allogenic therapies are generated in large batches from unrelated donor tissues such as bone marrow. In contrast, autologous therapies are manufactures as a single lot from the patient being treated. Here is the latest research on allogenic and autologous therapies.

Alzheimer's Disease: Amyloid Beta

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease associated with the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain; these plaques are comprised of amyloid beta deposits. Here is the latest research in this field.