The presence of circulating clonal CD19+ cells in multiple myeloma

Leukemia & Lymphoma
T Rasmussen

Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell malignancy characterized by the expansion of mature plasma cells (PC) localized in the bone marrow (BM). Several studies have identified circulating clonotypic CD19+ cells at a differentiation stage preceding the PC. The level of circulating clonotypic CD19+ cells is highly variable but generally low. Circulating clonotypic cells respond well to induction therapy, although a small subset within the CD19 compartment is resistant even to high-dose chemotherapy. The clonal CD19+ cells represent an ongoing differentiating population ranging from memory B-cells to plasmablasts. However, a clonal relationship gives no proof of malignant potential, and whether or not clonotypic precursor cells are involved in the disease process is a subject of intense debate. Translocations involving the immunoglobulin locus (14q32) are an early non-transforming event common to both monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and MM introduced at the memory B-cell level. At the plasmablast stage, a phenotypic transformation occurs with downregulation of CD19 and upregulation of myeloma specific markers such as CD56, CD117 and CD28. Translocations involving the isotype-switch machinery and the introducti...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 5, 2004·Leukemia & Lymphoma·Jeroen E J GuikemaNicolaas A Bos
May 21, 2003·European Journal of Haematology·Bo BjörkstrandHans E Johnsen
Mar 10, 2016·British Journal of Haematology·Antonia RotoloAnastasios Karadimitris

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