The pro-inflammatory role of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB-1) in photoreceptors and retinal explants exposed to elevated pressure

Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology
Michael R R BöhmSolon Thanos

Abstract

To determine the role of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB-1) in cellular and tissue models of elevated pressure-induced neurodegeneration, regeneration, and inflammation. Mouse retinal photoreceptor-derived cells (661W) and retinal explants were incubated either under elevated pressure or in the presence of recombinant HMGB-1 (rHMGB-1) to investigate the mechanisms of response of photoreceptors. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and the quantitative real-time PCR were used to examine the expression levels of immunological factors (eg, HMGB-1, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)), Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR-2, TLR-4), apoptosis-related factors (eg, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad)) as well as cytokine expression (eg, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)). The data revealed increased the expression of HMGB-1 and its receptors RAGE, TLR-2, and TLR-4, and TNF-α as well as pro-apoptotic factors (eg, Bad) as well as apoptosis in 661W cells exposed to elevated pressure. Co-cultivation of 661W cells with rHMGB-1 increased the expression levels of pro-apoptotic Bad and cleaved Caspase-3 resulting in ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 23, 2013·PloS One·Christophe FraisierLionel Almeras
Oct 3, 2017·International Heart Journal·Rungtiwa SrisuwanthaJun-Ichi Suzuki
Feb 21, 2019·Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine·Jianmin ZhouWenyu Wang
Oct 6, 2018·Alcohol·Brianna HarrisVijay Sivaraman

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