The Proanthocyanidin-Rich Fraction Obtained from Red Rice Germ and Bran Extract Induces HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis

Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
Supranee UpananPornngarm Limtrakul Dejkriengkraikul

Abstract

This study aims to determine the anti-carcinogenic effects of the proanthocyanidin-rich fraction (PRFR) obtained from red rice germ and bran extract on HepG2 cells. The PRFR obtained from red rice germ and bran extract could reduce the cell viability of HepG2 cells as shown by the IC50 value at 20 µg/mL. Notably, PRFR concentrations at 20 and 40 µg/mL significantly increased the number of cells in the G2/M phase from 25.7% ± 1.4%in the control group to 36.2% ± 3.4% (p < 0.01) and 48.9% ± 2.6% (p < 0.0001), respectively, suggesting that the cells were arrested in this phase, which was confirmed by the reduction of survival proteins, including cyclin B1 and cdc25. Moreover, the PRFR at 20 and 40 µg/mL could induce cell death via the apoptosis cascade, indicated by the percentage of total apoptotic cells from 9.9% ± 3.1% in the control group to 41.1 ± 3.9 (p < 0.0001) and 82.2% ± 5.8% (p < 0.0001), respectively. This was clarified by increasing apoptotic proteins (such as cleaved PARP-1, cleaved caspase-8 and cleaved caspase-3) and decreasing anti-apoptotic protein survivin without p53 alterations. These results demonstrated that the PRFR obtained from red rice germ and bran extract could inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 22, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Chayaporn SubkamkaewSupachai Yodkeeree
Jun 24, 2020·Drug Delivery and Translational Research·Cristiano Ceron JaymeAntonio Claudio Tedesco

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
column chromatography
Protein Assay
PCA
flow

Software Mentioned

GraphPad
Prism
CytoSoft

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