The rationale for using microscopic units of a donor matrix in cartilage defect repair

Cell and Tissue Research
Parisa GhanaviMichael R Doran

Abstract

The efficacy of existing articular cartilage defect repair strategies are limited. Native cartilage tissue forms via a series of exquisitely orchestrated morphogenic events spanning through gestation into early childhood. However, defect repair must be achieved in a non-ideal microenvironment over an accelerated time-frame compatible with the normal life of an adult patient. Scaffolds formed from decellularized tissues are commonly utilized to enable the rapid and accurate repair of tissues such as skin, bladder and heart valves. The intact extracellular matrix remaining following the decellularization of these relatively low-matrix-density tissues is able to rapidly and accurately guide host cell repopulation. By contrast, the extraordinary density of cartilage matrix limits both the initial decellularization of donor material as well as its subsequent repopulation. Repopulation of donor cartilage matrix is generally limited to the periphery, with repopulation of lacunae deeper within the matrix mass being highly inefficient. Herein, we review the relevant literature and discuss the trend toward the use of decellularized donor cartilage matrix of microscopic dimensions. We show that 2-µm microparticles of donor matrix are rapi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 1, 2012·Journal of Long-term Effects of Medical Implants·Christopher R RowlandFarshid Guilak
Jan 10, 2013·Trends in Biotechnology·Kim E M BendersJos Malda
Jun 21, 2013·Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine·David W SmithAlan J Grodzinsky
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