The Reduction in Stability From Combined Humeral Head and Glenoid Bony Defects Is Influenced by Arm Position

The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Piyush WaliaAnthony Miniaci

Abstract

Combined defects of the glenoid and humeral head are often a cause for recurrent shoulder instability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of combined bony lesions on shoulder instability through varying glenohumeral positions. The hypothesis was that instability due to combined defects would be magnified with increasing abduction and external rotation. Controlled laboratory study. Eighteen cadaveric shoulders were tested. Experiments were performed at combinations of glenohumeral abduction angles of 20°, 40°, and 60° and external rotations of 0°, 40°, and 80°. The various glenoid defect sizes created were 10%, 20%, and 30% of the glenoid width. Four humeral head defects were created based on humeral head diameter (6%, 19%, 31%, and 44%). Each experiment consisted of translating the glenoid in a posterior direction to simulate an anterior dislocation under a 50-N load. The instability was measured as a percentage of intact translation (ie, loss in translational distance normalized to the no-defect condition). At 20° of abduction, instability increased from 100% to 85%, 70%, and 43% with increasing glenoid defect sizes of 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively, with a 6% humeral head defect. However, at a functional arm ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 18, 2020·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·David B LippsEric J Perreault
Jul 27, 2018·Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine·Shigeto NakagawaMinoru Yoneda
Jul 6, 2021·JSES International·André Couto GodinhoGlaydson Gomes Godinho

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