Abstract
There is currently no practical method for determining cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) efficacy in the field. We investigated the relationship between the volume of carbon dioxide (CO2) excreted in the airway (CO2EX) when tidal volume and respiratory rate are controlled, and cardiac output (CO), an indicator of CPR efficacy, to determine the potential of CO2EX as a practical noninvasive field monitor of CPR efficacy. Thirteen mongrel dogs were anesthetized, instrumented and ventilated 13 times/min at a fixed tidal volume with an infrared airway CO2 sensor. CO2EX = (PCO2/bar. press) x (tidal vol) x (breaths/min), and expressed in ml/min per kg. Sequences of control, CPR with 3-4 different compression forces, and recovery measurements were recorded 10-15 times/animal. CO2EX and CO fell simultaneously with ventricular fibrillation. CPR immediately increased CO2EX and CO. Both changed consistently and in the same direction as compression force. Return of spontaneous circulation immediately increased CO2EX and CO above controls, with a gradual return to control levels. CO2EX was always below 8 ml-CO2/min/kg during CPR and above this during spontaneous circulation. With alveolar ventilation controlled, CO2 movement is regulated b...Continue Reading
References
May 4, 1979·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·M S EisenbergA Hallstrom
May 1, 1979·Annals of Internal Medicine·R G ThompsonL A Cobb
Jan 1, 1978·Resuscitation·Z Kalenda
Dec 1, 1977·Circulation·D P CopleyC E Rackley
Sep 1, 1992·Annals of Emergency Medicine·L M LewisJ Fortney
Apr 1, 1990·Annals of Emergency Medicine·G B MartinR M Nowak
Oct 1, 1990·Annals of Emergency Medicine·J P OrnatoF L Glauser
Dec 1, 1986·Critical Care Medicine·L WiklundT Groth
Oct 1, 1987·Critical Care Medicine·S DohiN Matsumiya
Oct 1, 1987·Critical Care Medicine·M G LepilinN A Rostovtseva
Mar 10, 1988·The New England Journal of Medicine·J L FalkM H Weil
Mar 1, 1985·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·S H RalstonW A Tacker
Mar 1, 1985·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·A B SandersS Bragg
Nov 1, 1985·Critical Care Medicine·M H WeilE C Rackow
Nov 1, 1985·Clinical Physics and Physiological Measurement : an Official Journal of the Hospital Physicists' Association, Deutsche Gesellschaft Für Medizinische Physik and the European Federation of Organisations for Medical Physics·I W Fellows, I A Macdonald
Jan 1, 1969·Anaesthesia·S Husveti, H Ellis
Aug 1, 1983·British Journal of Anaesthesia·A M HendersonR F Armstrong
Mar 1, 1980·Critical Care Medicine·W D VoorheesW A Tacker
Jan 1, 1995·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·H OkamotoS Takahashi
Mar 1, 1994·Annals of Emergency Medicine·A H IdrisJ L Falk
Oct 1, 1993·Critical Care Medicine·Y MorimotoT Mayumi
Feb 1, 1993·Annals of Emergency Medicine·J P Ornato
Mar 1, 1993·Critical Care Medicine·P B ChaseG A Ewy
Citations
Oct 8, 1997·Resuscitation·S R Blumenthal, W D Voorhees
Feb 9, 2012·Journal of Allergy·Adrian ShifrenMario Castro
Oct 3, 2006·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Y MorimotoS Gando
Aug 3, 2012·Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care·Benjamin M BrainardUNKNOWN RECOVER Monitoring Domain Worksheet Authors
Nov 11, 2003·The Journal of Physiology·Janneke GisolfJohn M Karemaker
Jan 27, 2007·Resuscitation·Henning KrepAndreas Hoeft
Oct 30, 2007·Allergology International : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology·Etsuko Tagaya, Jun Tamaoki