The relationship between cell division and elongation during development of the nectar-yielding petal spur in Centranthus ruber (Valerianaceae)

Annals of Botany
Jaimie-Lee K Mack, Arthur R Davis

Abstract

Floral spurs are hollow, tubular outgrowths that typically conceal nectar. By their involvement in specialized pollinator interactions, spurs have ecological and evolutionary significance, often leading to speciation. Despite their importance and diversity in shape and size among angiosperm taxa, detailed investigations of the mechanism of spur development have been conducted only recently. Initiation and growth of the nectar-yielding petal spur of Centranthus ruber 'Snowcloud' was investigated throughout seven stages, based on bud size and developmental events. The determination of the frequency of cell division, quantified for the first time in spurs, was conducted by confocal microscopy following 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining of mitotic figures. Moreover, using scanning electron microscospy of the outer petal spur surface unobstructed by trichomes, morphometry of epidermal cells was determined throughout development in order to understand the ontogeny of this elongate, hollow tube. Spur growth from the corolla base initially included diffuse cell divisions identified among epidermal cells as the spur progressed through its early stages. However, cell divisions clearly diminished before a petal spur attained 3...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 19, 2016·Frontiers in Plant Science·Jacob B LandisPamela S Soltis
Aug 16, 2017·Nature Ecology & Evolution·Mario Fernández-Mazuecos, Beverley J Glover
Jul 6, 2018·Frontiers in Plant Science·Małgorzata StpiczyńskaEmerson R Pansarin

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