The Right Hemisphere Planum Temporale Supports Enhanced Visual Motion Detection Ability in Deaf People: Evidence from Cortical Thickness

Neural Plasticity
Martha M ShiellRobert J Zatorre

Abstract

After sensory loss, the deprived cortex can reorganize to process information from the remaining modalities, a phenomenon known as cross-modal reorganization. In blind people this cross-modal processing supports compensatory behavioural enhancements in the nondeprived modalities. Deaf people also show some compensatory visual enhancements, but a direct relationship between these abilities and cross-modally reorganized auditory cortex has only been established in an animal model, the congenitally deaf cat, and not in humans. Using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, we measured cortical thickness in the planum temporale, Heschl's gyrus and sulcus, the middle temporal area MT+, and the calcarine sulcus, in early-deaf persons. We tested for a correlation between this measure and visual motion detection thresholds, a visual function where deaf people show enhancements as compared to hearing. We found that the cortical thickness of a region in the right hemisphere planum temporale, typically an auditory region, was greater in deaf individuals with better visual motion detection thresholds. This same region has previously been implicated in functional imaging studies as important for functional reorganization. The structure-behav...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 7, 2019·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Talia L RetterFang Jiang
Aug 14, 2019·Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education·O Scott Gwinn, Fang Jiang
May 19, 2018·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Garrett Cardon, Anu Sharma
Sep 29, 2017·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Pauline TranchantRobert J Zatorre
Sep 1, 2017·Scientific Reports·Ling-Chia ChenStefan Debener
May 22, 2019·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Caroline D C AlencarStephen G Lomber
Jun 14, 2020·NeuroImage·Manja HribarAndrej Vovk
Dec 6, 2019·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Systems Biology and Medicine·J Tilak Ratnanather

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