Abstract
The association between cholelithiasis and depression remains unclear. We examined the risk of depression in patients with cholelithiasis. From the National Health Insurance population claims data of Taiwan, we identified 14071 newly diagnosed cholelithiasis patients (4969 symptomatic and 9102 asymptomatic) from 2000 to 2010. For each cholelithiasis patient, 4 persons without cholelithiasis were randomly selected in the control cohort from the general population frequency matched by age, sex, and diagnosis year. Both cohorts were followed up until the end of 2011 to monitor the occurrence of depression. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of depression were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model after controlling for age, sex and comorbidities. The overall incidence rates of depression were 1.87- and 1.83-fold greater in the symptomatic and asymptomatic cholelithiasis subcohorts than in the control cohort (incidence, 10.1 and 9.96 vs 5.43 per 1000 person-years, respectively). The multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed higher variable-specific aHRs in women than in men, in younger patients than in older patients, and in those without comorbidities than in those with any comorbidity. Cholecystec...Continue Reading
References
Feb 1, 1988·Pain·Michael Von KorffAndrea Kruger
Sep 5, 2003·Psychopharmacology·Cengiz TugluErcan Abay
Nov 12, 2003·Archives of Internal Medicine·Matthew J BairKurt Kroenke
May 5, 2004·The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science·T B UstünC J L Murray
Dec 4, 2004·Annals of Family Medicine·Polly Hitchcock NoëlEnid Hunkeler
Feb 8, 2005·General Hospital Psychiatry·Linda H HarpoleJürgen Unützer
May 12, 2005·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Adrian J DunnRenaud de Beaurepaire
Jul 18, 2006·Lancet·Piero PortincasaGiuseppe Palasciano
Jun 2, 2007·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Kamran Siddiqi, Najma Siddiqi
Sep 11, 2007·Lancet·Saba MoussaviBedirhan Ustun
Apr 1, 2009·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·Reiji YoshimuraJun Nakamura
Aug 25, 2009·BMC Gastroenterology·John HuangPo-Huang Lee
Dec 18, 2009·Biological Psychiatry·Yekta DowlatiKrista L Lanctôt
Apr 24, 2010·Journal of Psychiatric Research·Hubertus HimmerichLothar Rink
Dec 15, 2010·Pain·A Vania ApkarianMarwan N Baliki
Nov 1, 2012·European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Qiang ZengLiu-xing Wu
Oct 8, 2013·Gastroenterology·Hsueh-Chou LaiFung-Chang Sung
Jan 24, 2014·QJM : Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians·C-H LiC-H Kao
May 7, 2014·Behavioural Brain Research·Jun-Xu Li
May 20, 2014·Neuroscience Bulletin·Qiu-Qin Han, Jin Yu
Oct 14, 2014·Medicine·Te-Chun ShenFung-Chang Sung