The role of antigen-presenting cells in filoviral hemorrhagic fever: gaps in current knowledge.

Antiviral Research
Osvaldo MartinezChristopher F Basler

Abstract

The filoviruses, Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV), are highly lethal zoonotic agents of concern as emerging pathogens and potential bioweapons. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs), particularly macrophages and dendritic cells, are targets of filovirus infection in vivo. Infection of these cell types has been proposed to contribute to the inflammation, activation of coagulation cascades and ineffective immune responses characteristic of filovirus hemorrhagic fever. However, many aspects of filovirus-APC interactions remain to be clarified. Among the unanswered questions: What determines the ability of filoviruses to replicate in different APC subsets? What are the cellular signaling pathways that sense infection and lead to production of copious quantities of cytokines, chemokines and tissue factor? What are the mechanisms by which innate antiviral responses are disabled by these viruses, and how may these mechanisms contribute to inadequate adaptive immunity? A better understanding of these issues will clarify the pathogenesis of filoviral hemorrhagic fever and provide new avenues for development of therapeutics.

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Citations

Jul 3, 2013·BioDrugs : Clinical Immunotherapeutics, Biopharmaceuticals and Gene Therapy·Jin Huk Choi, Maria A Croyle
Jan 25, 2013·Journal of Virology·Osvaldo MartinezChristopher F Basler
Nov 22, 2012·Viruses·Steven B BradfuteMike Bray
Dec 24, 2014·Cell·Judith N MandlMark B Feinberg
May 1, 2015·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Alicia R Feagins, Christopher F Basler
Jun 3, 2015·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Florian WrenschStefan Pöhlmann
Apr 17, 2015·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Franziska DahlmannHeike Hofmann-Winkler
Aug 16, 2016·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Anja LüdtkeCésar Muñoz-Fontela

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Methods Mentioned

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