Abstract
Recently, accumulating evidence has suggested that B cell depletion therapy with rituximab is effective not only in autoantibody-associated, but also in T cell-mediated, autoimmune diseases. It is likely that B cells play an important role in regulating the extent of immune response in both physiological and pathological conditions. When a severe infection occurs, pathogens spread throughout the bloodstream. B cells in the blood capture the pathogens, via their specific antigen receptors (surface immunoglobulins), then present the specific antigen to T cells in the spleen, thus increasing the degree of T-cell immune responses to systemic infection. Similarly, in the exacerbation stage of autoimmunity, a large amount of autoantigens may be released into the blood and be captured by autoantigen specific B cells, and this may be followed by presentation of the antigen to CD4 positive autoreactive T cells resulting in extensive activation and proliferation of autoreactive T cells. Thus, it has been suggested that B-cell depletion therapy for autoimmune diseases is most useful for the "vicious cycle" phase of autoreactive immune response. The recognition of this paradigm for the role of B cells in regulating the magnitude of immune ...Continue Reading
References
Aug 1, 1997·International Immunology·T AkashiT Watanabe
Jul 6, 2000·International Immunology·S KondoS Nagafuchi
Oct 9, 2002·International Journal of Experimental Diabetes Research·W L Suarez-Pinzon, A Rabinovitch
May 29, 2004·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·Jagadeesh BayrySrini V Kaveri
Jan 13, 2006·Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·Ma BarnadasA Alomar
Dec 7, 2007·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Chang-yun HuLi Wen
Feb 23, 2008·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Yan XiuThomas F Tedder
Apr 18, 2008·Current Opinion in Immunology·Frances E Lund
Jul 11, 2008·Immunological Reviews·Gregg J Silverman, David L Boyle
Mar 7, 2009·Blood·Kenneth R CarsonCharles L Bennett
Jun 6, 2009·Nature Reviews. Rheumatology·Iñaki Sanz
Jul 8, 2009·Nature Reviews. Rheumatology·Thomas DörnerGerd R Burmester
Jul 17, 2009·Clinical and Experimental Immunology·M C Levesque
Oct 6, 2009·Current Opinion in Immunology·Mark J Shlomchik
Nov 27, 2009·The New England Journal of Medicine·Mark D PescovitzUNKNOWN Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Anti-CD20 Study Group
Feb 26, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Seiho NagafuchiKeizo Anzai
Citations
Oct 27, 2012·Cancer Gene Therapy·T Nguyen-HoaiJ Westermann
Dec 19, 2013·BioMed Research International·Raghavan ChinnaduraiAjay K Nooka
Dec 25, 2012·Autoimmunity Reviews·Elena GianchecchiAlessandra Fierabracci
Jun 25, 2013·Autoimmunity Reviews·Elena GianchecchiAlessandra Fierabracci
Nov 5, 2013·Autoimmunity Reviews·Elena GianchecchiAlessandra Fierabracci
May 12, 2012·Autoimmunity Reviews·Alessandra FierabracciDoriana Fruci
Jul 28, 2013·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Wenxia SongArpita Upadhyaya
Nov 30, 2011·International Archives of Allergy and Immunology·Alejandro Vazquez-TelloQutayba Hamid
Mar 26, 2014·Journal of Clinical Rheumatology : Practical Reports on Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Diseases·Indira HadleyAntoine Sreih
Mar 15, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Valeria La MarcaAlessandra Fierabracci