The role of chunk tightness and chunk familiarity in problem solving: evidence from ERPs and fMRI.

Human Brain Mapping
Lili WuJing Luo

Abstract

Multiple factors of task difficulty keep problem solvers from finding the crucial thinking steps required to solve insight problems. In this study, we distinguished two difficulty factors, chunk familiarity and chunk tightness, and investigated their effects on chunk decomposition--a specific type of insight that depends on the process of breaking up perceptual patterns or chunks into elements so that they can be reorganized to form a new meaning. Subjects solved problems that required decomposing Chinese characters that differed in chunk familiarity and chunk tightness. Brain activity was recorded using the electroencephalogram and functional magnetic resonance imaging. The results showed that chunk familiarity could be overcome through an inhibition of familiar meanings, whereas overcoming chunk tightness required visual-spatial processing. Furthermore, chunk familiarity posed an additional difficulty when chunk tightness was high. This result demonstrates that the difficulty sources in a problem do not always simply add up. Rather, the difficulty of a problem can reside in the interaction of particular sources of difficulty.

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Citations

Oct 11, 2016·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Wangbing ShenZhe Gong
Jan 9, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Furong HuangZhujing Hu
Jul 28, 2020·Brain Imaging and Behavior·Jiabao LinLei Mo
Oct 3, 2017·Frontiers in Psychology·Xiaofei WuJing Luo
Jun 8, 2018·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Jiabao LinLei Mo
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Koji KoizumiMasayuki Nakao
Mar 21, 2020·NeuroImage·Yongtaek OhJohn Kounios
Oct 27, 2021·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Shuang TangFurong Huang

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