The Role of Estrogen in Brain and Cognitive Aging

Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics
Jason K RussellPaul A Newhouse

Abstract

There are 3 common physiological estrogens, of which estradiol (E2) is seen to decline rapidly over the menopausal transition. This decline in E2 has been associated with a number of changes in the brain, including cognitive changes, effects on sleep, and effects on mood. These effects have been demonstrated in both rodent and non-human preclinical models. Furthermore, E2 interactions have been indicated in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and depression. In normal brain aging, there are a number of systems that undergo changes and a number of these show interactions with E2, particularly the cholinergic system, the dopaminergic system, and mitochondrial function. E2 treatment has been shown to ameliorate some of the behavioral and morphological changes seen in preclinical models of menopause; however, in clinical populations, the effects of E2 treatment on cognitive changes after menopause are mixed. The future use of sex hormone treatment will likely focus on personalized or precision medicine for the prevention or treatment of cognitive disturbances during aging, with a better understanding of who may benefit from such treatment.

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Citations

Jul 11, 2019·Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Alan J Lerner, Andrew A Pieper
Feb 10, 2021·Hormones and Behavior·Brigitte LeenersMichael P Hengartner
Mar 16, 2021·Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports·Marilyn HortaNatalie C Ebner
Jun 30, 2021·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Hong-Yi LinTsung-I Hsu
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Pai-Cheng LinJu-Yu Yen
Jul 15, 2021·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Du XiangYanfeng Wang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
imaging techniques
hysterectomy

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