The role of fibrinogen-related proteins in the gastropod immune response

Fish & Shellfish Immunology
Michelle A GordyPatrick C Hanington

Abstract

Fibrinogen-related proteins or FREPs constitute a large family of molecules, defined by the presence of a fibrinogen-related domain (FReD). These molecules are found in all animals and are diverse in both form and function. Here, we review the current understanding of gastropod FREPs, which are characterized by the presence of a fibrinogen domain connected to one or two immunoglobulin superfamily domains by way of a short interceding region. We present a historical perspective on the discovery of FREPs in gastropods followed by a summary of advances made in the nearly two decades of research focused on the characterization of FREPs in Biomphalaria glabrata (BgFREPs). Topics covered include BgFREP genomic architecture, predicted structure and known functions, structural comparisons between BgFREPs, and evidence of somatic diversification. Also examined are the expression patterns of BgFREPs during snail development and immunological challenges. Recent functional characterization of the role BgFREPs play in the defence response against digenean trematodes is also presented, as well as new data investigating the nucleotide-level genomic conservation of FREPs among Pulmonate gastropods. Finally, we identify areas in need of further...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 8, 2016·Trends in Parasitology·Alessio GiannelliDomenico Otranto
Nov 26, 2015·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·E A PilaP C Hanington
Oct 21, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Guillaume TetreauDavid Duval
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Aug 19, 2018·EcoHealth·Sydney P RudkoPatrick C Hanington
Nov 25, 2019·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Maria G CastilloCesar E Montelongo
Feb 23, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Jacob R Hambrook, Patrick C Hanington

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