The role of glucagon in the pathogenesis of the endogenous hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus.

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
H SakuraiR H Unger

Abstract

The effect of glucagon suppression by somatostatin upon endogenous hyperglycemia was studied in three forms of experimental insulin deficiency in dogs: alloxan diabetes, total pancreatectomy, and diazoxide administration. In six insulin-requiring alloxan-diabetic dogs deprived of insulin for 24 hr, mean plasma glucose declined to 77% +/- 6% of the baseline level of 350 +/- 41 mg/dl during 3 hr of glucagon suppression, significantly below the unsuppressed saline controls (p less than 0.01-0.05). When somatostatin was discontinued, glucagon rose and glucose increased 21% (p less than 0.05) in 30 min. Significant correlation between maximal changes in glucagon and glucose was observed (r = 0.81; p less than 0.001). Even during a 1-hr alanine infusion in such dogs, glucose declined an average of 36 +/- 9 mg/dl, instead of rising 51 +/- 7 mg/dl as in unsuppressed controls. Maximal changes in glucagon and glucose were correlated (r = 0.85; p less than 0.01). In eight depancreatized dogs pretreated intravenously with continuous insulin and glucose infusions, withdrawal of insulin was followed by a rise in extrapancreatic glucagon; mean plasma glucose rose from 212 +/- 43 to 415 +/- 80 mg/dl 270 min after the end of the insulin infusio...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jan 1, 1981·Diabetologia·R H Unger
Mar 1, 1986·Digestive Diseases and Sciences·B D SchirmerR S Jones
Jan 1, 1976·Advances in Enzyme Regulation·N L Bucher
Feb 1, 1981·Social Science & Medicine. Part E, Medical Psychology·P Sterling, J Eyer
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Sep 8, 1977·The New England Journal of Medicine·R H Unger
Jun 25, 1981·The New England Journal of Medicine·R H Unger, L Orci
Aug 25, 2011·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Rachel A JamisonRichard G Kibbey
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May 2, 2008·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Lawren L DurocherSusan E Johnson
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Apr 1, 1982·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·J T Hayford, R G Thompson
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Oct 1, 1983·The American Journal of Physiology·H L LickleyM Vranic

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