The Role of GSK-3 in Cancer Immunotherapy: GSK-3 Inhibitors as a New Frontier in Cancer Treatment.

Cells
Giuseppa AugelloMelchiorre Cervello

Abstract

The serine/threonine kinase glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) was initially identified because of its key role in the regulation of glycogen synthesis. However, it is now well-established that GSK-3 performs critical functions in many cellular processes, such as apoptosis, tumor growth, cell invasion, and metastasis. Aberrant GSK-3 activity has been associated with many human diseases, including cancer, highlighting its potential therapeutic relevance as a target for anticancer therapy. Recently, newly emerging data have demonstrated the pivotal role of GSK-3 in the anticancer immune response. In the last few years, many GSK-3 inhibitors have been developed, and some are currently being tested in clinical trials. This review will discuss preclinical and initial clinical results with GSK-3β inhibitors, highlighting the potential importance of this target in cancer immunotherapy. As described in this review, GSK-3 inhibitors have been shown to have antitumor activity in a wide range of human cancer cells, and they may also contribute to promoting a more efficacious immune response against tumor target cells, thus showing a double therapeutic advantage.

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Citations

Aug 26, 2020·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents·Carlos Roca, Nuria E Campillo
Nov 27, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Samantha BarnesBree Foley
Jan 28, 2021·Cells·Claire Racaud-Sultan, Nathalie Vergnolle
Jun 3, 2021·Biomolecules·Igor A SchepetkinMark T Quinn

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
xenograft

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT01287520
NCT01214603
NCT01632306
NCT03678883
NCT03081780
NCT03213964
NCT03319459

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