The Role of Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells in Regulating Corneal (Lymph)angiogenic Privilege and the Micromilieu of the Limbal Niche following UV Exposure

Stem Cells International
Maria NotaraClaus Cursiefen

Abstract

The cornea is a clear structure, void of blood, and lymphatic vessels, functioning as our window to the world. Limbal epithelial stem cells, occupying the area between avascular cornea and vascularized conjunctiva, have been implicated in tissue border maintenance, preventing conjunctivalisation and propagation of blood and lymphatic vessels into the cornea. Defects in limbal epithelial stem cells are linked to corneal neovascularisation, including lymphangiogenesis, chronic inflammation, conjunctivalisation, epithelial abnormalities including the presence of goblet cells, breaks in Bowman's membrane, persistent epithelial defects and ulceration, ocular surface squamous neoplasia, lipid keratopathy, pain, discomfort, and compromised vision. It has been postulated that pterygium is an example of focal limbal deficiency. Previous reports showing changes occurring in limbal epithelium during pterygium pathogenesis suggest that there is a link to stem cell damage. In this light, pterygium can serve as a model disease of UV-induced stem cell damage also characterised by corneal blood and lymphangiogenesis. This review focuses on the role of corneal and limbal epithelial cells and the stem cell niche in maintaining corneal avasculari...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 7, 2016·Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine·Pramod KumarDimitrios I Zeugolis
Mar 22, 2019·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Mingxia SunVivien J Coulson-Thomas
Sep 19, 2019·Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciências·Karina M Mamede, Luciana B Sant'anna
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Feb 21, 2021·Stem Cells and Development·Jan KosslVladimir Holan
Mar 31, 2021·Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·Alexander C RokohlClaus Cursiefen
Jun 1, 2021·Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·Alexander C RokohlClaus Cursiefen
Aug 6, 2019·Ophthalmic Research·Claus CursiefenUNKNOWN EVI Steering Board

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic

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