The role of magnetic resonance techniques in understanding and managing multiple sclerosis

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
D H MillerH F McFarland

Abstract

Magnetic resonance (MR) techniques have had a major impact in the last 10-15 years in understanding and managing multiple sclerosis. This review summarizes the current uses of MR in multiple sclerosis, based on the proceedings of a recent international workshop, under four headings: (i) technical issues; (ii) role in diagnosis; (iii) natural history studies in understanding the disease; (iv) application in clinical trials. The theory and methodology of relevant technical issues is outlined, in order to provide a framework with which to understand the potential and limitations of MR in addressing biological and clinical questions in multiple sclerosis. The principles underlying signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratio are discussed, along with the techniques and clinical results for conventional and fast spin echo T2-weighted imaging, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, detection of blood-brain barrier break down and hypointense lesions on T1-weighted images, magnetization transfer, T2 decay-curve analysis, MR spectroscopy, spinal cord imaging, diffusion imaging, and quantification of lesion load and atrophy. MRI has an extremely valuable role in confirming the clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. T2-weighted brain imag...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 10, 1999·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·T P TrouardA F Gmitro
Dec 6, 2000·Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI·B AlfanoM Salvatore
Oct 12, 2000·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·R BammerF Fazekas
Feb 12, 2002·Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI·Xingchang WeiCharles R G Guttmann
Jul 9, 1999·Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing·P DastidarH Eskola
Apr 14, 2006·Immunogenetics·Tineke Hooper-van VeenBernard M J Uitdehaag
Sep 10, 2005·Journal of Neurology·Valentina TomassiniCarlo Pozzilli
Mar 4, 2010·Journal of Neurology·Ozgür YaldizliNorman Putzki
Nov 11, 2008·Magma·Eliane GraulièresIsabelle Berry
Mar 20, 2002·Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports·B Gran, A Rostami
Sep 18, 2001·Current Psychiatry Reports·H A WishartA J Saykin
Jan 25, 2014·Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders·Krissy A R Doyle-ThomasEvdokia Anagnostou
Aug 10, 2000·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·M RovarisM Filippi
Oct 6, 2000·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·M S Deloire-GrassinK G Petry
Mar 10, 2001·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·N F KalkersF Barkhof
May 9, 2002·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Lalitha VaithianatharLance D Blumhardt
Aug 28, 1999·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·M RovarisM Filippi
Nov 24, 1999·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·M IngleseM Filippi
Dec 22, 1999·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·M Rovaris, M Filippi
Dec 22, 1999·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·G ComiM Filippi
Jan 22, 2000·Molecular Aspects of Medicine·C Boesch
Dec 21, 2002·Lancet·S J HickmanG T Plant
Jul 17, 2003·Journal of Neuroimmunology·Tineke van VeenBernard M J Uitdehaag
Jan 18, 2003·Progress in Neurobiology·Margaret A Petty, Eng H Lo
Jul 20, 2002·Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery·David H Miller
Nov 24, 1999·European Journal of Radiology·K TsuchiyaT Maehara
Sep 3, 2002·Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics : the Official Journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society·E Y K TsuiS H Ng
Oct 9, 1999·Psychiatry Research·A PfefferbaumK O Lim
Jan 21, 2004·Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia·I TaylorN Tubridy
Dec 12, 2001·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·P Fuhr, L Kappos
Nov 19, 2003·Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology·David C MohrSarah Nelson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Blood Brain Barrier

The blood brain barrier is a border that separates blood from cerebrospinal fluid. Discover the latest search on this highly selective semipermeable membrane here.

Brain developing: Influences & Outcomes

This feed focuses on influences that affect the developing brain including genetics, fetal development, prenatal care, and gene-environment interactions. Here is the latest research in this field.

Blood Brain Barrier Chips

The blood brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of endothelial cells that regulate the influx and outflux of plasma concentrations. Lab-on-a-chip devices allow scientists to model diseases and mechanisms such as the passage of therapeutic antibodies across the BBB. Discover the latest research on BBB chips here.

Blood Brain Barrier Regulation in Health & Disease

The blood brain barrier is essential in regulating the movement of molecules and substances in and out of the brain. Disruption to the blood brain barrier and changes in permeability allow pathogens and inflammatory molecules to cross the barrier and may play a part in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Here is the latest research in this field.

Blood Brain Barrier & Cytokines

Some cytokines are able to cross the blood brain barrier through transport systems and enter the cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid spaces. Here is the latest research on cytokines crossing the blood brain barrier and how this can affect tissues within the CNS.