The Role of Midkine in Arteriogenesis, Involving Mechanosensing, Endothelial Cell Proliferation, and Vasodilation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Ludwig T WeckbachElisabeth Deindl

Abstract

Mechanical forces in blood circulation such as shear stress play a predominant role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes related to vascular responses or vessel remodeling. Arteriogenesis, defined as the growth of pre-existing arterioles into functional collateral arteries compensating for stenosed or occluded arteries, is such a process. Midkine, a pleiotropic protein and growth factor, has originally been identified to orchestrate embryonic development. In the adult organism its expression is restricted to distinct tissues (including tumors), whereby midkine is strongly expressed in inflamed tissue and has been shown to promote inflammation. Recent investigations conferred midkine an important function in vascular remodeling and growth. In this review, we introduce the midkine gene and protein along with its cognate receptors, and highlight its role in inflammation and the vascular system with special emphasis on arteriogenesis, particularly focusing on shear stress-mediated vascular cell proliferation and vasodilatation.

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Citations

Dec 7, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Melanie SalvermoserBarbara Walzog
Feb 27, 2020·Cells·Florian SimonAlexander Gombert
Oct 21, 2020·Nature Medicine·Daniela Cerezo-WallisMaría S Soengas
Oct 27, 2020·Aging Medicine·Tianqi Ma, Yong-Ping Bai
Feb 18, 2021·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Xuewen WangHongwei Lu
Mar 23, 2021·Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis·Naotaka AkutsuYasuo Okumura
Apr 3, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Changkai Bu, Lan Jin
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Philipp GötzElisabeth Deindl
Aug 1, 2021·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Zi-Zhen ZhangXiao-Hua Yu
Nov 12, 2021·EMBO Molecular Medicine·David OlmedaMaría S Soengas

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