The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from Different Sources in Bone Development.

Nutrients
Reut RoznerEfrat Monsonego-Ornan

Abstract

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential nutrients that must be obtained from the diet. We have previously showed that endogenous n-3 PUFAs contribute to skeletal development and bone quality in fat-1 mice. Unlike other mammals, these transgenic mice, carry the n-3 desaturase gene and thus can convert n-6 to n-3 PUFAs endogenously. Since this model does not mimic dietary exposure to n-3 PUFAs, diets rich in fish and flaxseed oils were used to further elucidate the role of n-3 PUFAs in bone development. Our investigation reveals that dietary n-3 PUFAs decrease fat accumulation in the liver, lower serum fat levels, and alter fatty acid (FA) content in liver and serum. Bone analyses show that n-3 PUFAs improve mechanical properties, which were measured using a three-point bending test, but exert complex effects on bone structure that vary according to its source. In a micro-CT analysis, we found that the flaxseed oil diet improves trabecular bone micro-architecture, whereas the fish oil diet promotes higher bone mineral density (BMD) with no effect on trabecular bone. The transcriptome characterization of bone by RNA-seq identified regulatory mechanisms of n-3 PUFAs via modulation of the cell cycle and peripheral circ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 29, 2021·Journal of Translational Medicine·Beibei LuoLili Chen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
RNA-seq
light microscopy
X-ray
PCR

Software Mentioned

STAR
HTseq
Cutadapt
Transeq
ChemStation
CTAn
DESeq2
Ensembl
Cell A
NRecon

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