The Role of Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Disease: From Physiological Response to Injury Factor

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Rossella D'OriaFrancesco Giorgino

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemical species containing oxygen, controlled by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems. In the heart, ROS play an important role in cell homeostasis, by modulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and excitation-contraction coupling. Oxidative stress occurs when ROS production exceeds the buffering capacity of the antioxidant defense systems, leading to cellular and molecular abnormalities, ultimately resulting in cardiac dysfunction. In this review, we will discuss the physiological sources of ROS in the heart, the mechanisms of oxidative stress-related myocardial injury, and the implications of experimental studies and clinical trials with antioxidant therapies in cardiovascular diseases.

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
deamination
nuclear translocation
biopsies
coronary artery ligation
coronary artery bypass
MDA
antioxidative stress

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