The Role of Patient-Practitioner Relationships in Placebo and Nocebo Phenomena

International Review of Neurobiology
Maxie BlasiniLuana Colloca

Abstract

Placebo and nocebo effects form part of all therapeutic environments and play a significant role in the effectiveness of treatment outcomes. Patient expectancies drive these phenomena, which can be shaped through contextual factors including verbal suggestions, conditioning, and social observation. This review seeks to identify the biopsychosocial factors of the patient-practitioner interaction that play a role in the development of placebo and nocebo effects, as well as the anthropological elements of the biodynamic process of relating that are meaningful in the development of expectancies. We conducted a narrative review of frameworks of the placebo and nocebo effect, including the impact of expectancies and interpersonal relationships in the context of healing and the clinical setting. Expectancies leading to placebo and nocebo effects can be modified by macro and micro factors, such as culture and society, as well as individual psychobiological traits, respectively. The developmental sociobiological adaptations that form and consolidate mindsets and meaningful contexts play an important role in shaping patient expectancies, as well as patients' conscious and subconscious reactions to signs and actions taking place within th...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 6, 2020·The New England Journal of Medicine·Luana Colloca, Arthur J Barsky
Oct 23, 2019·Nature Human Behaviour·Pin-Hao A ChenLuke J Chang
Mar 25, 2020·Pain·Chika OkusoguLuana Colloca
Aug 29, 2020·Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy·Ferdinando D'AmicoSilvio Danese
Jul 15, 2020·Skeletal Radiology·Charles J SullivanEoin C Kavanagh
Mar 27, 2020·Wiener klinische Wochenschrift·Sandra JilchShahrokh F Shariat
May 30, 2021·European Journal of Pain : EJP·Johan Hans Peter Alexander van LennepKarolina Maria Szadek
Sep 27, 2020·The Journal of Headache and Pain·Dimos D MitsikostasUNKNOWN European Headache Federation
Oct 20, 2020·Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics·Andrea W M EversUNKNOWN Consortium of Placebo Experts

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