The Role of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Thyroid Carcinogenesis: Is It a Weak Hypothesis or a Hidden Reality? From Facts to New Perspectives

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Francesca GoriniFabrizio Bianchi

Abstract

In the last decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased faster than that of any other malignant tumor type. The cause of thyroid cancer is likely multifactorial and a variety of both exogenous and endogenous has been identified as potential risk factors. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), used since the 1970s as flame retardants, are still widespread and persistent pollutants today, although their production was definitely phased out in the western countries several years ago. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers are known endocrine disruptors, and the endocrine system is their primary target. Whereas animal studies have ascertained the ability of PBDEs to affect the normal functionality of the thyroid, evidence in humans remains inconclusive, and only a few epidemiological studies investigated the association between exposure to PBDEs and thyroid cancer. However, a number of clues suggest that a prolonged exposure to these chemicals might act a trigger of the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, whereas further studies with an advanced design are suggested.

Citations

Jul 30, 2020·Biosensors·Chiara BaldiniAlessandro Tonacci
Aug 1, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Robert G Poston, Ramendra N Saha
Apr 17, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Francesca GoriniFabrizio Bianchi
Jan 2, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Marta Benedetti Airtum Working Group
Oct 30, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Letizia PittoElena Guzzolino
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Mirjana Babić LekoTatijana Zemunik
Jun 22, 2021·Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering·Chinemerem Ruth OhoroOmobola Oluranti Okoh

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