The role of salt for immune cell function and disease

Immunology
Ralf Willebrand, Markus Kleinewietfeld

Abstract

The immune system evolved to protect organisms from invading pathogens. A network of pro- and anti-inflammatory cell types equipped with special effector molecules guarantees efficient elimination of intruders like viruses and bacteria. However, imbalances can lead to an excessive response of effector cells incurring autoimmune or allergic diseases. An interplay of genetic and environmental factors contributes to autoimmune diseases and recent studies provided evidence for an impact of dietary habits on the immune status and related disorders. Western societies underwent a change in lifestyle associated with changes in food consumption. Salt (sodium chloride) is one component prevalent in processed food frequently consumed in western countries. Here we summarize recent advances in understanding the mechanisms behind the effects of sodium chloride on immune cells like regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper (TH ) 17 cells and its implication as a risk factor for several diseases.

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Citations

Mar 11, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Rebeca Arroyo HorneroMarkus Kleinewietfeld
Mar 27, 2020·Nature Communications·Corina N D'Alessandro-GabazzaEsteban C Gabazza
Apr 25, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Federica NistaNatale Musso
Sep 2, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Rajeev DhuparAdam C Soloff
Jun 20, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Ralf WillebrandMarkus Kleinewietfeld
Jul 31, 2020·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Rosaria Maddalena RuggeriSalvatore Cannavò
Apr 4, 2021·Nutrients·Jian TanLaurence Macia

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