PMID: 8601895Mar 1, 1996Paper

The role of the distribution and anatomic extent of reflux in the development of signs and symptoms in chronic venous insufficiency

Journal of Vascular Surgery
N LabropoulosG Ramaswami

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the distribution of venous reflux in patients with different patterns of reflux with each class. Color-flow duplex imaging was used to evaluate the entire venous system from groin to ankle in 465 patients (594 limbs) belonging to different clinical CVI classes (0, 1, 2, and 3). A history of previous superficial thrombophlebitis was present in five limbs and past deep vein thrombosis in 70. One hundred seventy eight (30%) limbs were normal and the remaining 416 (70%) had venous incompetence. Deep reflux was present exclusively in 19 limbs (3.2%), and the perforation system alone was involved in only three limbs (0.5%). However, isolated superficial incompetence was seen in 186 limbs (31.3%) and a combination of superficial with perforating alone was involved in 45 (7.6%). Incompetence in all three systems was seen in 99 extremities (16.7%). In addition, the superficial system was involved in 390 limbs, the perforators in 151, and the deep system in 178 limbs. Only a small percentage of those in class 0 had reflux, and most of them had a single site of incompetence. In class 1 the majority of the limbs had superficial reflux (90.3%), 10.3% of the limbs had deep venous reflux, and 6.9% wer...Continue Reading

References

Mar 1, 1979·The British Journal of Surgery·J H WolfeN L Browse
Feb 19, 1977·British Medical Journal·N L BrowseM Morland
Jan 1, 1992·Annals of Vascular Surgery·J F WelkieR A Brigham
May 1, 1991·The British Journal of Surgery·A J ZukowskiH A Dudley
Jul 1, 1989·Annals of Vascular Surgery·A NicolaidesS Vasdekis
Dec 1, 1989·Journal of Vascular Surgery·S N VasdekisA N Nicolaides
Jun 18, 1988·British Medical Journal·P D Coleridge SmithJ A Dormandy
Jul 1, 1986·Journal of Vascular Surgery·S Raju
Sep 1, 1986·Journal of Vascular Surgery·G SzendroK Myers
Dec 1, 1986·World Journal of Surgery·A N Nicolaides, A J Zukowski
Dec 1, 1986·World Journal of Surgery·N L Browse
Apr 1, 1985·Archives of Surgery·L A KillewichD E Strandness
Aug 1, 1985·The British Journal of Surgery·C A ClyneJ H Webster
Jan 1, 1995·European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : the Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·E G PierikH van Urk
Jun 1, 1995·American Journal of Surgery·N LabropoulosA N Nicolaides

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 7, 2007·Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]·Roeland P M CeulenAnja Sommer
Dec 4, 2003·Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]·Chang-Keun OhKyung-Sool Kwon
Oct 1, 2013·Journal of Vascular Surgery. Venous and Lymphatic Disorders·Kah Heng LimAndre van Rij
Oct 11, 2003·Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR·Robert J MinPiyush Golia
Dec 27, 2011·Annals of Vascular Surgery·César García-MadridEusebi Sala Planell
Jul 5, 2011·Cirugía española·César García-MadridEusebi Sala Planell
Aug 6, 2010·Seminars in Vascular Surgery·David Gillespie, Carolyn Glass
Oct 16, 2007·The Surgical Clinics of North America·Steven M Roth
Mar 26, 2005·Seminars in Vascular Surgery·Nicos Labropoulos, Luis R Leon
Apr 29, 2008·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Paul PittalugaJean-Jérôme Guex
Jan 4, 2007·Dermatologic Therapy·Kimberly SackheimRobert S Kirsner
Dec 14, 2011·Wound Repair and Regeneration : Official Publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society·Werner BlättlerFelix Amsler
May 24, 2011·The British Journal of Surgery·D CarradiceI C Chetter
Jun 23, 2006·Annals of Vascular Surgery·Jose I Almeida, Jeffrey K Raines
Apr 11, 2001·Journal of Vascular Surgery·K T DelisA N Nicolaides
Nov 9, 2001·Journal of Vascular Surgery·N LabropoulosW H Baker
Mar 6, 2003·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Roy L TawesRalf Kolvenbach
Jun 26, 2003·The Surgical Clinics of North America·Manju Kalra, Peter Gloviczki
Mar 26, 2015·Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology·Anthony James Lopez
Feb 5, 2004·European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : the Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·S J HollingsworthD G Cooper
May 6, 2005·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Carlos Alberto EngelhornSergio X Salles-Cunha
Dec 31, 1997·Journal of Vascular Surgery·N LabropoulosW H Baker
Dec 31, 1997·Journal of Vascular Surgery·N LabropoulosW H Baker
Dec 31, 1997·Journal of Vascular Surgery·T R ReevesM H Goldman
Aug 30, 2003·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Alessandra PuggioniBo Eklof
Feb 2, 2010·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Nicos LabropoulosApostolos K Tassiopoulos
Nov 16, 2010·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Seshadri Raju
Mar 8, 2006·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Nicos LabropoulosLuis Leon
Aug 5, 2000·Journal of Vascular Surgery·S ManfriniA N Nicolaides
Jul 22, 2008·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Rodrigo Gonzalez-ZehSergio Barahona
Aug 4, 2010·Journal of Vascular Surgery·David L GillespieVincent Falanga
Aug 10, 2010·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Alfred Obermayer, Katharina Garzon
Nov 9, 2001·Journal of Vascular Surgery·W P StuartA W Bradbury
Sep 14, 2000·European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : the Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·A K TassiopoulosN Labropoulos
Nov 5, 1999·Journal of Vascular Surgery·T F O'Donnell
Jan 15, 2003·European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : the Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·D G CooperS J Hollingsworth
Dec 9, 2000·European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : the Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·P L AllanF G Fowkes
Mar 26, 2003·European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : the Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·J Golledge, F G Quigley
Jun 30, 2007·Journal of Vascular Surgery·Roberto ChiesaOrlando Petrini
Sep 30, 2000·Journal of Vascular Surgery·N LabropoulosW H Baker
Sep 10, 1999·European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : the Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·N LabropoulosW H Baker

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.