The role of the prefrontal cortex in freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: insights from a deep repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation exploratory study

Experimental Brain Research
Moria DaganJeffrey M Hausdorff

Abstract

Freezing of Gait (FOG) is one of the most debilitating gait impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD), leading to increased fall risk and reduced health-related quality of life. The utility of parkinsonian medications is often limited in the case of FOG and it frequently becomes dopamine resistant. Recent studies have suggested that pre-frontal cortex (PFC) dysfunction contributes to FOG; however, most previous findings provide only indirect evidence. To better understand the role of the PFC, we aimed to investigate the impact of high frequency, deep, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (drTMS) of the medial PFC on FOG and its mediators. Nine patients with advanced PD participated in a randomized, cross-over exploratory study. We applied drTMS over the medial PFC for 16 weeks, with real and sham conditions; each condition included an intensive (i.e., 3 times a week) phase and a maintenance (once a week) phase. Scores on a FOG-provoking test, the motor part of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, and gait variability significantly improved after real drTMS, but not after the sham condition. Self-report of FOG severity and cognitive scores did not improve. Due to discomfort and pain during treatment, two patients ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 14, 2018·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Moria DaganJeffrey M Hausdorff
Aug 28, 2019·The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques·Stephen JozaFang Ba
Feb 11, 2020·Neurodegenerative Disease Management·Davide FerrazzoliDaniele Volpe
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Dec 24, 2018·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Moria DaganJeffrey M Hausdorff
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Jun 9, 2021·Neuroscience·Alexandra Potvin-Desrochers, Caroline Paquette
Dec 24, 2021·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Nicolaas I BohnenUNKNOWN MDS-Scientific Issues Committee

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