PMID: 9546084Apr 18, 1998Paper

The safety and efficacy of gastrointestinal endoscopy during pregnancy

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
Mitchell S Cappell

Abstract

More than 12,000 pregnant patients in the United States per year have conditions normally evaluated by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). More than 6000 pregnant patient in the United States per year have conditions normally evaluated by sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. Endoscopy during pregnancy raises the unique issue of fetal safety, and endoscopic medications comprise a significant component of fetal risks from endoscopy. This article analyzes the safety of endoscopic medications during pregnancy, reviews the literature on the safety of gastrointestinal endoscopy during pregnancy, proposes guidelines for endoscopic indications during pregnancy, and describes modifications of gastrointestinal endoscopy during pregnancy to increase fetal and maternal safety.

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Citations

Feb 11, 2004·American Journal of Surgery·David M MelnickVanessa K Dalton
Mar 15, 2003·Gastroenterology Clinics of North America·Joel E Richter
Mar 15, 2003·Gastroenterology Clinics of North America·Mitchell S Cappell
Jul 12, 2011·European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology·I DierickxW Gyselaers
Jan 24, 2007·American Journal of Surgery·Sareh ParangiSusan Pories
Mar 21, 2006·Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America·Mitchell S Cappell
Mar 15, 2003·Gastroenterology Clinics of North America·Mark A Malangoni
Apr 9, 2010·Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology : the Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·A F Avsar, H L Keskin
Apr 30, 2010·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·John A Finarelli, Catherine Badgley
Oct 6, 2011·Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Mitchell S Cappell
Apr 20, 2002·Surgical Endoscopy·E H Huang, J M Marks
Mar 15, 2003·Gastroenterology Clinics of North America·Mitchell S Cappell, David Friedel
Apr 18, 1998·Gastroenterology Clinics of North America·I E Mayer, H Hussain
Apr 3, 2008·The Surgical Clinics of North America·Charles S DietrichMatthew Hueman

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