PMID: 7546065Aug 1, 1995Paper

The safety value of guardrails and crash cushions: a meta-analysis of evidence from evaluation studies

Accident; Analysis and Prevention
R Elvik

Abstract

Evidence from 32 studies that have evaluated the safety effects of median barriers, guardrails along the edge of the road, and crash cushions (impact attenuators) is summarized by means of a meta-analysis. Two hundred and thirty-two (232) estimates of safety effects are included in the meta-analysis. The presence of publication bias is tested by means of the funnel graph method. For most subsets of the data, no evidence of publication bias is found. Weighted mean estimates of safety effects are computed by means of the logodds method. Median barriers are found to increase accident rate, but reduce accident severity. Guardrails and crash cushions are found to reduce both accident rate and accident severity. The effects of guardrails and crash cushions on accident rate have been less extensively studied than the effects on accident severity. Current estimates of the effects on accident rate are highly uncertain because of methodological shortcomings of available studies. The effects of guardrails on accident severity are found to be quite robust with respect to study design and the number of confounding variables controlled in each study. In general, random variation in the number of accidents is the most important source of vari...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1984·Multivariate Behavioral Research·J Horn

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Citations

Dec 14, 2002·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·James H LambertKenneth D Peterson
Aug 10, 2005·Traffic Injury Prevention·Abishai PolusHaneen Farah
Jul 9, 2014·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Yaotian ZouMario A Romero
Sep 8, 2015·Gaceta sanitaria·Marta OlabarriaKatherine Pérez
Aug 24, 2010·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Wen Hu, Eric T Donnell
Mar 17, 2010·Journal of Safety Research·Douglas J Gabauer, Hampton C Gabler
Nov 10, 2009·Gaceta sanitaria·Ana M NovoaCarme Borrell
Sep 12, 2008·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology·Dinesh Mohan
Jul 28, 2005·Journal of Safety Research·Bram De BrabanderLode Vereeck
Nov 23, 2006·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Bram De Brabander, Lode Vereeck
Aug 12, 2009·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Anurag Pande, Mohamed Abdel-Aty
Jan 31, 2006·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Eric T Donnell, John M Mason
Aug 9, 2011·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Tamar Ben-Bassat, David Shinar
Jul 7, 2015·International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion·Sigal Kaplan, Carlo Giacomo Prato
Mar 8, 2011·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Hussein H JamaAndrew S McIntosh
Jul 4, 2013·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Mehrtash SoltaniN H Ramli Sulong
Dec 17, 2014·Accident; Analysis and Prevention·Zohreh FerdosianHassan Rezaeipandari
Jun 17, 2016·International Journal of Critical Illness and Injury Science·Mohammadreza MehmandarYadolah Mehrabi
Jan 10, 2017·Injury Epidemiology·Ellen KimZohn Rosen
May 11, 2019·Traffic Injury Prevention·Kira H JanstrupNinette Pilegaard

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