The SaniPath Exposure Assessment Tool: A quantitative approach for assessing exposure to fecal contamination through multiple pathways in low resource urban settlements

PloS One
Suraja RajChristine Moe

Abstract

Inadequate sanitation can lead to exposure to fecal contamination through multiple environmental pathways and can result in adverse health outcomes. By understanding the relative importance of multiple exposure pathways, sanitation interventions can be tailored to those pathways with greatest potential public health impact. The SaniPath Exposure Assessment Tool allows users to identify and quantify human exposure to fecal contamination in low-resource urban settings through a systematic yet customizable process. The Tool includes: a project management platform; mobile data collection and a data repository; protocols for primary data collection; and automated exposure assessment analysis. The data collection protocols detail the process of conducting behavioral surveys with households, school children, and community groups to quantify contact with fecal exposure pathways and of collecting and analyzing environmental samples for E. coli as an indicator of fecal contamination. Bayesian analyses are used to estimate the percentage of the population exposed and the mean dose of fecal exposure from microbiological and behavioral data. Fecal exposure from nine pathways (drinking water, bathing water, surface water, ocean water, open d...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 5, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Patrick RonohDamir Brdjanovic
Feb 13, 2021·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Tim FosterJuliet Willetts
Apr 6, 2021·Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis·Matthew P NormandCrystal M Slanzi

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
membrane filtration

Software Mentioned

TREND
SaniPath Tool
Kobo Toolbox
SaniPath
Accra
JAGS
Tool
SaniPath Exposure Assessment Tool
People Plots
Amazon Simple Storage Service ( S3 )

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