The sexual identity of adult intestinal stem cells controls organ size and plasticity.

Nature
Bruno HudryIrene Miguel-Aliaga

Abstract

Sex differences in physiology and disease susceptibility are commonly attributed to developmental and/or hormonal factors, but there is increasing realization that cell-intrinsic mechanisms play important and persistent roles. Here we use the Drosophila melanogaster intestine to investigate the nature and importance of cellular sex in an adult somatic organ in vivo. We find that the adult intestinal epithelium is a cellular mosaic of different sex differentiation pathways, and displays extensive sex differences in expression of genes with roles in growth and metabolism. Cell-specific reversals of the sexual identity of adult intestinal stem cells uncovers the key role this identity has in controlling organ size, reproductive plasticity and response to genetically induced tumours. Unlike previous examples of sexually dimorphic somatic stem cell activity, the sex differences in intestinal stem cell behaviour arise from intrinsic mechanisms that control cell cycle duration and involve a new doublesex- and fruitless-independent branch of the sex differentiation pathway downstream of transformer. Together, our findings indicate that the plasticity of an adult somatic organ is reversibly controlled by its sexual identity, imparted by...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GSE74775

Methods Mentioned

BETA
RNA-seq
dissection
transgenic
PCR
chip
RNASeq
PCRs
acetylation

Software Mentioned

Tophat mapper
GutSexRNAseq
mmseq R package
DESeq2
Adobe Illustrator
DESeq2 Bioconductor package
DESeq2 Bioconductor
MeV
Ensembl
HTSeq count

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