The sibling species Leptidea juvernica and L. sinapis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) in the Balkan Peninsula: ecology, genetic structure, and morphological variation

Zoology : Analysis of Complex Systems, ZACS
Nikolay ShtinkovVlad Dincă

Abstract

The wood white butterfly Leptidea sinapis and its more recently discovered sibling species L. reali and L. juvernica have emerged as a model system for studying the speciation and evolution of cryptic species, as well as their ecological interactions in conditions of sympatry. Leptidea sinapis is widely distributed from Western Europe to Central Asia while the synmorphic L. juvernica and L. reali have allopatric distributions, both occurring in sympatry with L. sinapis and exhibiting an intricate, regionally variable ecological niche separation. Until now, the Balkan Peninsula remained one of the major unknowns in terms of distribution, genetic structure, and ecological preferences of the Leptidea triplet in Europe. We present new molecular and morphological data from a detailed survey of the region. Our DNA analysis suggests that the Balkan populations belong only to L. sinapis and L. juvernica, and that they are not genetically differentiated from other mainland populations. The distribution data reveal that L. sinapis is a widespread habitat generalist, while L. juvernica exhibits a transition from a habitat generalist in the western Balkans to a localised habitat specialist, confined to humid mountain habitats, in the east....Continue Reading

References

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Jan 19, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Mehrdad HajibabaeiPaul D N Hebert
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Oct 18, 2013·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Koichiro TamuraSudhir Kumar
May 20, 2015·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Jindra ŠíchováFrantišek Marec

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